As a large aluminum extrusion machine, it is equipped with various components and possesses multiple functions, making its structure relatively complex. The extrusion machine is composed of the frame, electric and hydraulic systems, conveying system, heating system, die system, control system, shearing system, etc. Among these, the frame, electric and hydraulic systems, die system, and control system are the most critical. 1、FrameThe frame is one of the most important parts of the extrusion machine: it bears the weight and impact pressure of the entire machine. It needs to be made of high-strength steel. A structurally stable frame can withstand high extrusion forces, and its load-bearing capacity is especially important for manufacturing high-strength, high-precision aluminum profiles. It ensures that the aluminum extrusion machine can stably, accurately, and continuously produce aluminum profiles, which is also a key factor affecting the service life of the machine. The frame structure of the aluminum extrusion machine produced by our company, Huanan Heavy Industry(www.huananmachine.com), is composed of an integrally forged front crossbeam, a cast rear crossbeam, tie rods with a diameter of φ350 (material: 42CrMo), and square pressure sleeves, forming a closed prestressed composite frame. Special hydraulic preloading tools are used to apply super-pressure tensile loads along the entire length of the tie rods and compressive stress to the pressure sleeves, putting the entire frame in a prestressed state. The center distances of the four load-bearing tie rods are symmetrical with respect to the center of the press, ensuring uniform force distribution across the entire frame. This improves the precision of the extruded products. Two sets of elastic anchoring devices are installed at the bottom of the rear beam and anchored to the foundation, ensuring reliable fixation of the rear beam. The stable and sturdy frame structure is also one of the reasons why our extrusion machines have a longer service life compared to those of our peers.   2、Electric Motor and Hydraulic SystemThe extrusion machine has two power sources: electricity and hydraulics. As the driving source of the aluminum extrusion machine, the electric motor and hydraulic system require precise control and monitoring to ensure optimal performance. Key components include: Main Cylinder Extrusion Stem Extrusion Container Main Cylinder: Provides enormous extrusion force (ranging from hundreds of tons to tens of thousands of tons) to drive the extrusion stem forward. Requires high stability, sealing performance, and fatigue resistance. Extrusion Stem (Extrusion Shaft): Transfers the pressure from the main cylinder to the aluminum billet, pushing it through the die for shaping. It must be heat-resistant and wear-resistant, typically made from high-strength alloy steel (e.g., H13). Extrusion Container (Billet Container): Holds the heated aluminum billet and withstands the high pressure and temperature during extrusion. The inner lining must be resistant to high temperatures (400–500°C) and wear. It typically has a layered design, with a prestressed outer sleeve and a replaceable inner lining.   3、Die SystemDifferent aluminum profiles require different dies. The shape and dimensions of the die directly determine the cross-sectional shape and dimensional accuracy of the extruded aluminum. Therefore, die fabrication requires precision and stability. Dies are generally made of high-strength steel (such as H13 steel) to withstand the tremendous extrusion force.   4、Control SystemThe operation of the extrusion machine requires a complex control and monitoring mechanism. The electrical control system of our aluminum extrusion machines at Huanan Heavy Industry adopts a two-level control system based on industrial programmable logic controllers (PLCs). Sensors are arranged throughout various parts of the extrusion machine to monitor pressure, temperature, displacement, and other parameters in real time. The PLC system enables full process control of the machine. The control panel is equipped with operation buttons, while the touch screen includes touch switches, digital displays of extrusion speed, stroke, extrusion force, extrusion container temperature, and indicators for machine status and fault alerts.

The 75MN horizontal short-stroke front-loading single-action aluminum alloy profile extrusion machine adopts a horizontal three-beam and four-column prestressed composite frame structure, a forward extrusion method, direct drive by an oil pump, and is equipped with advanced foreign electromechanical and hydraulic control components and systems, and The complete set of mechanized auxiliary equipment adopts PLC and computer two-level control to accurately control the speed, position and pressure of the press. The technology used embodies the development trend and advanced technology level of contemporary extrusion presses, and is suitable for production. Manufacturing, operation and maintenance are conducive to improving production efficiency and reducing usage costs. Prestressed composite frame The stress-bearing frame of the Aluminum extrusion machine body consists of an integral front beam ZG35Mn (thickness 1950mm) and a rear beam thickness 1800mm (materialZG35Mn), square prestressed sleeve (material ZG35) is a closed prestressed composite frame. Special hydraulic preloading tools are used to pull the An over-pressure tensile load is applied to the entire length of the rod, and compressive stress is applied to the pressure sleeve at the same time, so that the entire frame is in a stress pre-tightened state.The column prestress is above 115% of the maximum load. (1) The center distance of the four stressed tie rods of the frame is symmetrical to the center of the press, so that the entire frame is stressed evenly. This can increase the squeeze Accuracy of pressed products. (2) Since the frame has a large bending resistance section, under the action of extrusion force, the frame elongation and bending deformation are small, so it is the frame can be fixed with horizontal and vertical guide rails at the bottom of the extrusion beam and extrusion barrel. The centering adjustment is very convenient, and the upper frame can be used as an X-shaped moving guide rail for the extrusion barrel. (3) There are two sets of elastic anchoring devices and foundation anchors at the lower part of the rear beam to make the rear beam fixed reliably. Main working cylinder/side cylinder 1. The main working cylinder of aluminum extrusion press is a plunger cylinder, which is fixed to the center of the rear beam through four pressing blocks. The plunger diameter is Φ1740mm, and the medium pressure is 28Mpa. Under the action, it can produce 66.55MN extrusion force. The cylinder body is made of 20MnMo forged steel. After forging and tempering treatment in three sections, it is buried Arc narrow gap welding, processed according to GB\T6402\2008 II level flaw detection. The main plunger is made of forged steel. The outer surface Stainless steel cladding is welded to 2Cr13 with medium frequency treatment, surface hardness is HRC46~48, and polishing degree is 0.2um. V-ring used for master cylinder seal Combined seal, using copper sleeve inner guide 2. The two main side cylinders are horizontally fixed on both sides of the rear beam main working cylinder. The diameter of the side cylinder is Φ450/Φ320mm, which generates an extrusion force of 8.9MN and a return force of 4.4MN, which can realize the rapid forward, backward and extrusion of the main plunger. The cylinder block and piston rod are made of 45 forged steel quenched and tempered. The two-way seal and piston rod seal of the combined piston head adopt V-ring combined seals, and are guided by copper sleeves. Hydraulic transmission and control system pump station The pump station of the Aluminum extrusion press adopts an integrated design and is centrally arranged under the rear part of the oil tank of the press. It is composed of an imported German Rexroth electro-hydraulic proportional control axial piston variable pump and a Chinese-made stainless steel plate circulation filtration and cooling system. The piping system design adopts necessary buffering and anti-shock measures, such as cushioning pads, hoses or shock-absorbing hoses, and flexible rubber pipe joints that can absorb vibration. The main system consists of 10 355L/min plunger pumps and 10 320L/min vane pumps from the German REXROTH company. They are designed to be arranged and matched in a certain combination. They can generate a pressure of 28Mpa and a flow rate of 3350L/min to meet the needs of main and side work. According to the cylinder operating speed requirements, closed-loop adjustment of the extrusion speed of 0~21mm/s is achieved, and the extrusion barrel locking cylinder is matched with a dedicated oil pump. Isolation control valves are designed between each oil pump group. If the two mechanisms need to operate at the same time according to the program, they can not interfere with each other. It can realize functions such as isolation between pumps, no-load starting, pressure regulation and overload protection. The pump head electro-hydraulic proportional valve and electronic control device are imported with the main pump and connected with the press main control computer to achieve online control. The main oil cylinder, auxiliary oil cylinder, spindle cylinder, and scissor oil cylinder are integratedly controlled by logic valves. The sliding mold and supporting frame are integratedly controlled by three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valves. Main hydraulic components: master cylinder reversing surface valve, overflow surface valves etc. The main control system oil pump station has a total flow rate of 3350L/min, and its oil pumps are individually controlled. The design of each aluminum extrusion machine is to maximize the use of resources under the premise of ensuring quality, and has been in a leading position in the industry.